In our daily use of electrical appliances and gadgets, the importance of an inverter cannot be over-emphasized.
If your home or office doesn’t have an inverter, such a situation can leave you helpless when the power goes off.
Now that we know how vital an inverter is, It is time to introduce the different types of inverters available in the market and determine the pros and cons of each type.
What is an Inverter?
An inverter is an electronic device that changes electrical energy to an alternating current. The subsequent frequency acquired depends on the exact device used.
The Inverter performs the conversion of direct current to an alternating voltage by converting energy stored in the dc sources.
What is the function of an Inverter?
The primary work of an inverter is that it transforms direct current into alternating current. Subsequently, every home has a different necessity which is why there is a wide variety to select from. Inverters are made to satisfy users, and we will discuss different types of inverters.
Different types of inverters
All different types of inverters can be classified based on output, source, type of Load, according output level, classification based on PWM control techniques, and methods of commutation-wise variety.
Classification based on Output features
Concerning the output features of an inverter, there can be three different types of inverters.
Square wave inverter
Analyzing the different types of inverters, square wave meters are not commonly used among all kinds of inverters because all appliances are designed for the sine wave. If it supplies a square wave to the sine wave, the losses would be high and could lead to total damage.
The cost for this Inverter is meager, but its application is very scarce, and subsequently, in simple tools, it can use a square wave meter.
Sine wave inverter
The output signal of the voltage is a sine wave, giving us a much-related output to the utility supply. It is a significant edge of the Inverter as all the appliances used are designed for the sine wave, so this is a high-quality product and gives the vouch that the equipment will work perfectly.
This Inverter comes at a very high cost amidst all the other different types of inverters, and it’s primarily used in the district.
Modified sine wave
Considering the different types of inverters, the tooling for this kind of Inverter is much more complicated than a simple square wave inverter.
Still, it can effortlessly match with the pure sine wave Inverter. The product for this Inverter is neither pure sine wave nor square wave.
Classification According to the source of the Inverter
Voltage source inverter
This input is a voltage source, and it is used in all applications because it is adequate, has higher accuracy, and has a faster vigorous response. The voltage source inverter is capable of running motors with de-ranking.
Current source Inverter
It gives a current source inverter with an irregular current from a dc source with a high inductance. Subsequently, the current source is used with the medium voltage industrial application under the different types of inverters, where superior current waveforms are compulsory.
According to the type of Load
We have the single-phase Inverter and the third-phase Inverter concerning the different types of inverters.,
Generally, residential and commercial load uses single-phase power, divided into two parts: SIngle phase and half-bridge Inverter.
Single-phase full-bridge
The inverter circuit changes dc to ac, this is done by opening and closing the switches in the proper order, and it has four operating states, based on which buttons are locked.
Three-phase bridge inverter
A three-phase inverter, among other types of inverters, substitutes a Dc input with a three-phase output. Its three branches usually lagged by an angle of 120 and construct a three-phase AC supply.
Each inverter switch consists of a ratio of 50, and switching occurs after every min; a three-phase bridge Inverter is always used for industrial Load.
In all power electronic switches, there always exist two losses which are the conduction and switching losses.
The conduction loss can be identified as the On State Loss and the switching loss as the Off State Loss. In total consideration, the conduction loss is higher than the switching loss in most operations.
Classification based on PWM control techniques
PWM is used for the internal control of the Inverter and to create the shapes of the output voltage as close to the sine wave.
It can be made possible by directly controlling the ON and OFF switches, and in doing this, two signals are made use of: the reference signal and the triangular signal. Discussing relatively on the different types of inverters, Pwm is divided into different sections.
Single pulse width modulation
The opening signal for the switch in single pulse width modulation is created by analyzing a reference pulse with a triangular wave. Comparing will produce a single pulse for each cycle of the output wave. The frequency of the reference signal manages the density of output voltage.
Multiple pulse width modulation
The drawback of single pulse modulation is subdued by multiple pulse width modulation. This technique uses several pulses instead of one pulse per cycle of the output voltage.
The reference and the carrier signal are compared by producing the gate, and the modulation index is used to manage the production voltage.
Sinusoidal pulse width modulation
The dominating technique is rarely used in industrial applications; the reference signal is the square wave signal in the above design. It can produce the gate pulse for the switches by studying the sine wave reference signal with the triangular carrier wave.
Modified sinusoidal pulse width Modulation
Due to the features of a sine wave, it cannot alternate the pulse width of the lock with the deviation in the modulation index. This technique applies to the carrier signal during each cycle’s first and last degree interval.
The central importance of this technique is a higher fundamental element, a lesser number of switching power, and switching losses.
Methods of commutation-wise classification
Commutation techniques under the different types of Inverter are divided into two, namely Line and force commutated inverters, and they are discussed below.
Line commutated
These types of inverters, the ac circuit, and the line voltage are available over the device. It is off when the current experiences no features, and when an inverter works on this technique, it is termed a Line commutated Inverter.
Force commutate
This supply goes through zero point in this type of commutator, which is why some outside sources are needed to commutate the device while using inverters for this process, known as inverter force commutator.
Conclusion
There are different types of Inverter, and buying an inverter is a long-term establishment for your home and offices.
Every Inverter has its design and specification for operation, and with the comprehensive range of inverters explained in the article, you can select the perfect one to fit your requirement.
